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第10卷 第1期 Vol.10 No.1

文章编号: 1008-5394(2003)01-0001-05

北方潮土区肥料定位试验下最佳配方研究  (下载全文

卢树昌1,臧凤艳2,刘惠芬1 1 牟善积1

1.天津农学院 农学系,天津 300384;

2.天津农学院 农业化学分析实验室,天津 300384)

  要:在北方潮土区,肥料定位试验下,固定氮肥用量,调整磷钾肥用量,研究了不同氮磷钾配比对夏玉米的增产效益。结果表明,N∶P2O5∶K2O=1∶0.4∶0.4 的处理增产效益最高,是试验条件下的最佳平衡配方。高磷高钾处理,虽使土壤的磷钾富集,但增产效益下降。

关  键  词:定位试验;平衡配方;积累;消长    中图分类号:S147.21  文献标识码:A

Research of Optimum Prescription on Fertilizer Location Trial in Northern Meadow Soil District

LU Shu-chang1 ,ZANG Feng-yan2 ,LIU Hui-fen1 ,GUI Zhi1 ,MU Shan-ji1

 (1.Department of Agronomy, Tianjin Agricultural College, Tianjin 300384,China;

 2.Analysis Center of Agricultural Chemistry, Tianjin Agricultural College, Tianjin 300384,China) 

Abstract: By designing several N,P,K treatments, the effect of different distribution proportions of N,P,K on yield benefit was studied on summer corn under fertilizer location trial in northern meadow soil district. The results show that high P,K treatments made P,K nutritions increase in soil under location trial and the benefit of production decrease. The production increase of treatment NP2O5K2O=10.40.4 was the highest and is the optimum balanced fertilizer prescription under the trial condition.

Key words:  location trial; balanced fertilizer prescription; accumulation; decrease and increase   

[1]    刘杏兰,高宗,刘存寿,等.有机-无机肥配施的增产效应及对土壤肥力影响的定位研究[J.土壤学报,1996,33(2)138-147.

[2]    杜学忠,刘志杰,陈子学,.配方施肥[M.天津:天津科学技术出版社,1997.1-2.

[3]    林继雄,林葆,艾卫.磷肥后效与利用率的定位试验[J.土壤肥料,1995,(6):1-5.

[4]    卢树昌,刘惠芬,牟善积,等.天津地区夏玉米施钾效果的初步研究[J.天津农学院学报,2001,8(2):21-23.

[5]    刘淑敏.植物营养与施肥[M.北京:农业出版社,1991.215-216.

[6]    卢树昌,刘惠芬,李文君,等.北方潮土区夏玉米施磷效果的研究[J.天津农学院学报,2000,7(4):7-10.

[7]    卢树昌.不同施氮方式对夏玉米生长性状及氮肥利用率的影响[J.天津农学院学报,200291):18-21.

[8]    牟善积,卢树昌,刘惠芬,.重谈有机肥与化肥并重[J.天津农学院学报,2000,7(3)30-34.

[9]    卢树昌,牟善积.现代持续农业平衡施肥探讨[J.西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2001,29(增刊):135-138.

[10] 沈善敏.中国土壤肥力[M.北京:中国农业出版社,1998.189,250,307-320.

[11] 姚振凡.冬小麦模式化栽培[M.天津:天津科学技术出版社,1998.11-13.

文章编号:1008-5394(2003)01-0006-05

植酸酶对鲤钙磷等营养物质利用率的影响   (下载全文

白东清,乔秀亭,魏 东,郭 立,齐海林

(天津农学院 水产科学系,天津 300384)

  要从营养学角度出发,初步研究了添加植酸酶的饲料经不同温度(常温、60 ℃、70 ℃、80 ℃、90 ℃、100 ℃)处理对鲤钙磷营养物质利用率的影响。通过10 d的饲养,收集粪便分析发现:与对照组相比,添加植酸酶可以使钙的利用率提高132%以上,总磷利用率提高105%~122%; 74.86%~89.04%的植酸磷得以利用;蛋白质和脂肪的利用率约提高11%和12%。

  键  词植酸酶;鲤;钙;磷;营养物质;利用率

中图分号:S965.116;S816.32        文献标识码:A

Effects of Phytase on Utilization Ratio of Nutrient Composition (Calcium, Phosphorus, etc.)of Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)

BAI Dong-qingQIAO Xiu-tingWEI DongGUO LiQI Hai-lin

 (Department of Fishery Science, Tianjin Agricultural College, Tianjin 300384,China)

Abstract: The carp was fed with the diets added phytase (treated at room temperature, 60 ,70 ,80 ,90 ,100 ) for 10 days. The results show that the utilization ratio of calcium significantly increased by more than 132.0% by adding phytase to the diets. At the same time, the utilization ratios of total phosphorus and phytase phosphorus increased by from 105% to 122% and from 74.86% to 89.04%, respectively. Also, the utilization ratios of protein and crude lipid increased by about 11% and 12%, respectively.

Key words: phytasecarp (Cyprinus carpio L.);calciumphosphorusnutrient compositionutilization ratio

参 考 文 献 

[1]    宋金彩.植酸酶对蛋白质和氨基酸利用率的影响[EB/OL.东北农业大学.http//tech.feedtrade.com.cnkeywordshometechadditive2001-06-10.

[2]    Schaefer AKoppe W M.Effect of a microbial phytase on utilization of native phosphorus by carp in a diet based on soybean meal J.Water Science and Technology, 199531(1)149-155.

[3]    Kenneth Cain K D,Donald Garling D C.Pretreatment of soybean meal phytase for salmonid diets to reduce phosphorus concentrations in effluentsJ.Prog Fish Cult,1995,57(1):114-119.

[4]    杨林. 植酸酶在鱼饲料中应用意义[J.水产学杂志,2000131):87-89.

[5]    余丰年,王道尊.植酸酶对异育银鲫生长及饲料中磷利用率的影响[J.中国水产科学,200072):106-109.

[6]    李爱杰.水产动物营养与饲料学[M.北京:中国农业出版社,1996.199-200.

[7]    蒋传葵.工具酶活力测定[M.上海:上海科学技术出版社,1979.153-156.

文章编号: 1008-5394(2003)01-0011-03

新几内亚凤仙组培快繁技术研究    (下载全文

刘玉芹1,王震星1,李树和1,张 2,王静怡1,刘云鹏1,李瑞祥1

(1.天津农学院 园艺系,天津 300384;2.天津农学院农学系,天津 300384)

  要通过对新几内亚凤仙组织培养及入土移栽的技术研究,分别筛选出诱导芽分化的最适培养基和诱导生根的最适培养基。试验结果表明,不同的激素浓度对新几内亚凤仙组培苗的生长效果有着较大的影响,最适宜的诱导芽分化的培养基为MS+NAA 0.3 mg·L-1+6-BA 0.8 mg·L-1,诱导率为90%;最适宜的生根培养基为1/2 MS+NAA 0.3 mg·L-1,生根率为93.3%;最适宜的移栽基质为蛭石+粗砂(1∶1),成活率为87%。

关 键 词:新几内亚凤仙;组织培养;入土移栽;基质

中图分类号S681.1;S188  文献标识码:A

Study on Fast Propagations of New Guinea Impatiens with Tissue Culture Method

LIU Yu-qin1, WANG Zhen-xing1, LI Shu-he1,ZHANG Lei2 ,WANG Jing-yi1, LIU Yun-peng1LI Rui-xiang1

1.Department of Horticulture,Tianjin Agricultural College, Tianjin 300384,China;2.Department of Agronomy, Tianjin Agricultural College, Tianjin 300384, China)

Abstract:Through the techniques of fast propagation and explanting New Guinea Impatiens into soil, the optimal culture medium inducing bud and root and the optimal transplanting substratum were selected. The results show that the different density of hormone could greatly affect the growth of New Guinea Impatiens, the optimal medium  inducing bud was MS+NAA 0.3 mg·L-1 +6-BA 0.8 mg·L-1 and the inducing rate was above 90%.The optimal medium inducing root was 1/2 MS+NAA 0.3 mg·L-1, and the inducing rate was above 93.3%. The optimal transplanting substratum was vermiculite+ coarse sand (11) and the survival rate was above 87%.

Key words:  New Guinea Impatiens; tissue culture; transplantation; substratum

参 考 文 献

[1]    陈延 .来自异国的花卉明星——新几内亚凤仙[J].中国花卉盆景,2000 ,(3):3-4.

[2]    周家琪.花卉学[M].北京 :中国林业出版社, 1988.296.

[3]    罗士韦.植物组培在花卉上的应用[J]. 植物生理学通讯, 1979 ,(3):1-9.

[4]    李士安. 植物组培在花卉上的应用[J].植物生理学通讯, 1988,(1):69-71.

[5]    崔澄.经济植物的组织培养与快速繁殖[M]. 北京: 农业出版社,1985.164-179.

[6]    谭文澄 ,策刚.观赏植物组织培养技术[M]. 北京: 中国林业出版社,1991.84-136.

[7]    及华,温春秀,高延厅.何氏凤仙花的离体快速繁殖[J].植物生理学通讯, 1997 ,(5):33.

[8]    Thomask Sebastian, Charless W Heuser.In Vitro Propagation of Hydrangea querciflia Bartr[J]. Scientia Horticulturae, 1978, 31(3-4):303-309.

文章编号: 1008-5394(2003)01-0014-04

水稻感染小球菌核病后多酚氧化酶活性的研究初报    (下载全文

尹德明1,丁得亮1,郑志广1,李 1,孙守钧1,辛惠普2

1.天津农学院 农学系,天津 300384;2.黑龙江八一农垦大学植保系,密山 158308)

   要在不同接种量、不同接种时期、不同取样部位对3个水稻品种茎基部接种小球菌核菌后,分别测定了其多酚氧化酶(PPO)活性的变化。结果表明,3个水稻品种接种发病后,PPO活性呈先上升后下降的趋势。抗病品种垦94-341在感病后第2天PPO活性便达到峰值,其峰值是接菌前的2.53倍;而感病品种东农-416在感病后第3天PPO活性达到高峰,其峰值是接菌前的2.26倍。建议以分蘖末期接种3个菌丝块在距茎基部3~7 cm的组织取样测定PPO活性较好。

关 键 词:水稻;小球菌核病;多酚氧化酶    中图分类号:S432.23  文献标识码:A

Study on PPO Activity of Rice Inoculated Sclerotium oryzae

YIN De-ming1,DING De-liang1,ZHENG Zhi-guang1,LI Qing1,SUN Shou-jun1 ,XIN Hui-pu2

(1.Department of Agronomy, Tianjin Agricultural College, Tianjin 300384 China;2.Department of Plant ProtectionHeilongjiang Augustfirst Land Reclamation University, Mishan 158308,Heilongjiang Province, China) 

Abstract: The activity of PPO is tested at different inoculated quanta, different periods, different places in 3 rice varieties after inoculating Sclerotium oryzae. The results show that the activity of PPO goes up at first and then declines. PPO activity of disease resistant rice cultivar Ken 94-341 reaches peak at the 2nd day of inoculation and the value of peak increases 1.53 times than that before inoculation. PPO activity of susceptible rice cultivar Dongnong416 reaches peak at the third day of inoculation and the value of peak increases 1.26 times than that before inoculation. It is suggested that 3 pieces of Sclerotium oryzae mycelium be inoculated to test PPO activity at late-tillering stage at 37 cm from base of stem.

Key words: rice; Sclerotium oryzae; polyphenol oxidase(PPO)

参 考 文 献 

[1]    李靖.黄瓜感染霜霉病菌叶片中一些酶活性的变化[J].植物病理学报,1991,21(4):277-288.

[2]    徐建华.黄瓜不同抗病品种感染镰刀菌枯萎病菌后几种酶活性的变化[J].植物病理学报,1995,25(3):239-242.

[3]    彭于发主编. 植物病理学研究[M].北京:中国农业科技出版社,1997.191-194.

[4]    杜春梅. 寒地春油菜菌核病菌生物学特性及预测方法的研究[D].密山:黑龙江八一农垦大学,1999.

文章编号: 1008-5394(2003)01-0018-03

洋桔梗在天津地区的栽培试验      (下载全文

赵素君,韩志慧,孟广云,朱

(天津市农业科学院 园艺工程研究所,天津 300384)

   要:从云南园艺所引进17个洋桔梗品种进行栽培试验,筛选出在天津地区的适栽品种。试验结果表明:3、5、12、13号品种是适合天津地区栽培的早花品种;4、9、11号是适合天津地区栽培的中花品种;2、8、10号品种是适合天津地区栽培的晚花品种。总结了洋桔梗在天津地区的栽培技术。

关 键 词:洋桔梗;天津地区;适栽品种;栽培技术    中图分类号:S682.19  文献标识码:A

Experiment on Eustoma grandiflorum Cultivation in Tianjin Area

    ZHAO Su-jun, HAN Zhi-hui, MENG Guang-yun, ZHU-Zhu

(Horticultural Engineering Institute, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300384,China)

Abstract17 varieties of Eustoma grandiflorum were introduced from Yunnan Institute of Horticulture to select the optimum varieties for cultivation in Tianjin area. The results indicate that No.3, No.5, No.12, No.13 are the optimum early blossoming varieties for cultivation in Tianjin area, No.4, No.9, No.11 are the optimum medium flowering varieties, and No.2, No.8, No.10 are the optimum late flowering varieties. Also, the cultivation and management techniques of Eustoma grandiflorum are described in detail in Tianjin area.

Key words: Eustoma grandiflorum; Tianjin area; optimum variety for cultivation; cultivation technique

参 考 文 献

[1]    张彦萍.切花新秀——洋桔梗[J].植物杂志,1998,(2):20.

[2]    徐振华.洋桔梗种子育苗技术[J].河北林业科技,1997,(4):43-44.

[3]    金波,东惠茹,杨孝汉,等.鲜切花栽培技术手册[M].北京:中国农业大学出版社,1998.167-170.

文章编号: 1008-5394(2003)01-0021-03

Bt-15A3在不同温度下对小菜蛾的杀虫活性    (下载全文

魏雪生,陈 颖,但汉斌,唐

(天津市农业科学院 园艺工程研究所 农业微生物研究室, 天津  300384)

  要:采用菜叶法,在5个温度梯度下分别测试了Bt-15A3不同稀释度的杀虫活性。结果表明:环境温度明显影响Bt-15A3的杀虫活性,Bt-15A3的最适应用温度是32~40 ℃,可应用的温度范围为16~40 ℃。制剂的稀释倍数越大,对环境温度的变化越敏感。

关  键  词:Bt-15A3;温度;小菜蛾    中图分类号:S482.39;S433.4  文献标识码:A

Insecticidal Activity of Bacillus thuringiensis 15A3 on Plutellidae xylostella at Different Temperatures

   WEI Xue-sheng, CHEN Ying, DAN Han-bin, TANG Xi

(Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Horticultural Engineering Institute, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300384,China)

AbstractAt the different temperatures, the activities of Bt-15A3 on 2,3-stage larvae of Plutellidae xylostella were inspected. The results show that the environmental temperature has a great effect on activity of Bt-15A3 to Plutellidae xylostella. The optimum temperature for activity of Bt-15A3 is 3240 . The temperature that Bt-15A3 is able to act on Plutellidae xylostella is 1640 . The weaker the concentration of Bt-15A3 is, the more sensitively Bt-15A3 reacts to the changes of environmental temperature.

Key words: Bacillus thuringiensis 15A3; temperature; Plutellidae xylostella

 参 考 文 献:

[1]    陈月华,任改新,吴卫辉,等.苏云金芽孢杆菌科墨尔亚种15A3株的cry基因分析及杀虫特性[J].微生物学报,2002,42(2):169-174.

[2]    但汉斌,王成球,陈永强,等.利用“小菜蛾-白菜菜叶法”对Bt制剂的毒力测定[J].华北农学报,1997,12(专集):81-84.

[3]    喻子牛.苏云金芽孢杆菌制剂的生产和应用[M].北京:农业出版社,1993.153-154.

文章编号: 1008-5394(2003)01-0024-03

Bt-15A3防治美国白蛾的试验     (下载全文

颖,但汉斌通讯作者,魏雪生,赵淑艳

(天津市农业科学院 园艺工程研究所 农业微生物研究室,天津 300384)

 要:Bt-15A3水悬剂及可湿性粉剂在天津进行了2地4次防治绿化林带美国白蛾的小区试验。结果表明,Bt-15A3水悬剂防治2~3龄、4~5龄及5~6龄幼虫,200倍液的药后3 d校正防效值分别达到100%、98.00%和31.97%。Bt-15A3可湿性粉剂防治中低龄幼虫,最佳防效出现在药后5 d,以后校正防效值均超过82%。试验分析建议早治并在中高龄幼虫的防治中加大用药剂量。

关  键  词:苏云金芽孢杆菌;Bt-15A3;生物防治;美国白蛾

中图分类号:S482.39;S433.4  文献标识码:A

Field Trial of Bacillus thuringiensis 15A3 Agents on Hyphantria cunea

CHEN YingDAN Han-binWEI Xue-shengZHAO Shu-yan

(Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Horticultural Engineering Institute, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300384,China)

AbstractBy 2 plots' field trials of Bt-15A3 agents on Hyphantria cunea, the corrected controlling ratios of Bt-15A3 suspension to 23, 45 and 56 stage larvae are 100%, 98.00% and 31.97% respectively 3 days after application, while those of 15A3 wettable powder to 25 stage larvae have all exceeded 82% 5 days after application. Experiments suggest that early and larger dosage of Bt-15A3 agents' application optimize the controlling ratio.

Key words: Bacillus thuringiensis; Bt-15A3; biological controlHyphantria cunea

 

[1]    喻子牛主编.苏云金芽孢杆菌制剂的生产及应用[M.北京:农业出版社,1993.2.

[2]    陈月华,任改新,吴卫辉,等.苏云金芽孢杆菌科墨尔亚种15A3株的cry基因分析及杀虫特性[J.微生物学报,2002,42(2):170-174.

[3]    农业部农药检定所生测室编.农药田间药效试验准则[M.北京:中国标准出版社,1993.124-125.

文章编号: 1008-5394(2003)01-0027-03

天津地区波尔山羊杂交后代及小尾寒羊杂交后代血常规生理值测定(下载全文

周淑云,宋桂敏,李天俊

(天津农学院 动物科学系,天津300384)

  要波尔山羊、小尾寒羊是近几年天津地区引入的优良肉羊品种,其杂交后代在天津适应性和生长发育表现良好。为了在疾病的诊断、防治中提供一些血液学方面的参考数据,我们对波尔山羊杂交后代、小尾寒羊杂交后代分别进行了部分血液常规测定,主要测量项目有红细胞计数、白细胞计数、血红蛋白含量、红细胞比容和红细胞沉降率等指标,测出了血液成分的正常变化范围和平均值。

关  键  词:红细胞; 白细胞; 血红蛋白; 红细胞比容; 红细胞沉降率

中图分类号:S852.2    文献标识码:A  

Simple Test for Blood Sample of F1 Generation of Boer Goat and F1 Generation of Short Tail Sheep

 ZHOU Shu-yun, SONG Gui-min, LI Tian-jun

(Department of Animal Science, Tianjin Agricultural College, Tianjin 300384China)

AbstractBoer goat and short-tail sheep are good meat varieties introduced to Tianjin in recent years. After mating them with the local goat, the growth and health of next generations are very good in Tianjin area. Routine analysis of blood was made to the F1 generation in order to provide some data references in blood science for the diagnosis and treatment of disease in the future. The main items are numbers of erythrocytes, leukocytes, content of hemoglobin, packed cell volume and sedimentation rate of erythrocytes, etc. According to the results of the simple test, the normal change range and the average of all elements are got.

Key words: erythrocyte; leukocyte; hemoglobin; packed cell volume of erythrocyte; sedimentation rate of erythrocyte

参 考 文 献 

[1]    赵有章.羊生产学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1999.103.

[2]    王志东,李亚东,黄永宏.波尔山羊及其利用[J].中国草食动物园,1999,1(4):36-39.

[3]    张红平.波尔山羊和川农改良羊的生理常值测定[J].四川畜牧兽医,2000,27(2):22.

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文章编号: 1008-5394(2003)01-0030-03

农药烟剂防治平菇害虫药效实验     (下载全文

高会东

(邯郸农业高等专科学校,河北 永年057150)

   要食用菌生产中使用农药必须十分小心。选用敌敌畏烟剂和高效氯氰菊酯烟剂防治平菇害虫,试验了它们的室内药效和现场药效。结果表明:敌敌畏烟剂和高效氯氰菊酯烟剂对防治食用菌害虫效果好。结果还发现,施用农药烟剂后16 h放风,对敌敌畏烟剂的防治效果有影响,对高效氯氰菊酯烟剂的防治效果没有影响。农药烟剂有希望解决农药残留高的 问题。

关 键 词:烟剂;害虫;药效   中图分类号:S435.673  文献标识码:A

Efficacy Trials in Controlling Edible Fungi Pests by Utilizing Smoke Agent of Pesticides

GAO Hui-dong

(Handan Agricultural Technology College, Yongnian 057150,Hebei Province, China)

AbstractExtraordinary attention must be paid to using pesticides in production of edible fungi. Smoke agent of DDVP and cypermethrin were selected to control pests in edible fungi, and their indoor efficacy and field efficacy were estimated. Results show that the effect of DDVP and cypermethrin smoke agents on harmful pests in edible fungi are desirable, and that ventilation after 16 h will reduce the effect of DDVP smoke agents but will not reduce the effect of cypermethrin smoke agent. It is implied by these trails that smoke agents of pesticides promise to resolve the problem of high residues of pesticides in edible fungi.

Key words: smoke agent; pest; efficacy

参 考 文 献

[1]    唐除痴,李煜昶,陈彬,等编.农药化学[M].天津:南开大学出版社,1998.630.

[2]    顾明浩,陈琳.13.2%敌·溴烟剂防治温室两种蚜虫药效试验[J].农药, 2000,39(4):22-23.

[3]    剧正理,朱国任,徐宝云.三种农用烟剂的安全性能和田间药效评价[J].农药科学与管理,1998,65(1):24-25.

文章编号: 1008-5394(2003)01-0033-04

小菜蛾研究的概况与进展     (下载全文

奇,刘玉冬

(天津农学院 园艺系,天津 300384)

  要简述了小菜蛾(Plutella xylostella)在种群饲养、生物学、生态学特性、天敌昆虫、病原微生物、寄主植物及抗药性研究方面的概况与进展。对不同饲养方法的特点、已报道的生长发育起点温度、有效积温常数值以及与小菜蛾生长发育有关的空气相对湿度范围、光照对成虫交尾行为的影响情况进行了比较。

关 键 词:小菜蛾;生态因子;性信息素;化学生态学;抗药性

中图分类号:S433.4  文献标识码:

Progress and Summarization of Study on Diamondback Moth(Plutellaxylostella L.)

HU QiLIU Yu-dong

(Department of Horticulture, Tianjin Agricultural College, Tianjin 300384, China)

Abstract:Progress and summarization of study on diamondback moth in rearing methods, effect of temperature and humidity, ecological characteristics, host plants, pheromone and chemical resistance, etc. were reported. The differences among the characters of various rearing methods, as well as the effects of some ecological factors (temperature, relative humidity and light)on the growth, development and mating behavior are compared.

Key words: Plutella xylostella; ecological factor; sex pheromone; chemical ecology; chemical resistance

参 考 文 献 

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[10] Hideo Uematsu,Katsuya Yoshikawa. Seasonal Changes in Copulation and Oviposition Time of the Diamondback Moth, Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)[J].Jpn J Appl Entomol Zool, 2002, 46(2): 81-87.

[11] 韩宝瑜,张钟宁.小菜蛾化学生态学研究现状与展望[J].昆虫知识,2001,38(3):177-181.

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[13] 钱景秦.小菜蛾性诱剂之田间诱效试验:Ⅱ.性诱剂对小菜蛾之防治与发生预测[J].中华农业研究(台湾省),1987,36(1):111-117.

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[15] 陶方玲,张敏玲.十字花科蔬菜-小菜蛾-寄生性天敌三级营养级系统研究:不同条件下小菜蛾幼虫被寄生率调查[J].昆虫天敌,1997,19(2):66-69.

[16] 张敏玲,韩诗畴,李丽英,等.小菜蛾蛹寄生蜂劲双缘姬蜂的生物学特性研究[J].昆虫天敌,1998,20(1):2-8.

[17] 袁哲明,刘树生,孟小林.小菜蛾病原微生物研究进展[J].中国生物防治,1999,15(2):85-89.

[18] Nahif A A,Sauer K P. Phagocytosis of Vairimorpha sp. (Microsporida, Nosematidae) spores by Plutella xylostella and Panorpa vulgaris hemocytes[J]. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 2000, 75(3): 237-239.

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[20] 陈之浩,程罗根. 小菜蛾抗药性研究的现状及展望[J]. 昆虫知识,2001,30(5):103-107.

[21] 徐德亿,占志雄. 小菜蛾对Bt的抗性及其治理[J]. 昆虫天敌,1999,21(1):21-27.

[22] 程罗根,李凤良,陈之浩,等. 小菜蛾对杀螟丹抗性遗传的研究[J]. 昆虫学报,1999,4(1):12-18.

[23] 闫艳春,乔传令,钱传范. 小菜蛾抗药性研究进展[J]. 昆虫知识,1997,4(5):310-314.

文章编号: 1008-5394(2003)01-0037-05

我国苜蓿育种的研究进展      (下载全文

  1 ,高建明2

1. 天津农学院 农学系,天津 300384;2.南开大学 生命科学学院,天津 300071)

   要:综述了我国在苜蓿新品种的选育、地方品种的整理、国外品种的引进等方面的主要研究进展,结合我国的生产实际中存在的问题,并与国外苜蓿育种工作进行比较,提出了今后的研究方向和发展目标。

关 键 词:苜蓿;  育种;  进展    中图分类号:S331  文献标识码:

Advances in Research of Alfalfa Breeding in China

 GUI Zhi1 , GAO Jian-ming2

1.Department of Agronomy, Tianjin Agricultural College, Tianjin  300384,China2.College of Life ScienceNankai University, Tianjin 300071,China

AbstractAdvances in alfalfa breeding research in China were reviewed, including some main progresses in research of alfalfa, such as selection and breeding of new varieties, sorting out the local breeds, introducing foreign breeds and so on. According to some problems existing in production reality and achievements of foreign work, the future direction in alfalfa breeding research are discussed.

Key words: alfalfa; breeding; advance

参 考 文 献

[1]    黄文惠,苏加楷,张玉发,等译.牧草——草地农业科学[M].北京:农业出版社,1989.78-79.

[2]    全国牧草品种审定委员会编.中国牧草登记品种集(修订版)[M].北京:中国农业大学出版社,1999.120-150.

[3]    耿华珠. 中国苜蓿[M]. 北京:中国农业出版社,1995.114-130.

[4]    中国农业百科全书畜牧业卷[M].北京:农业出版社,1996.394-418.

[5]    黄文惠,苏加楷,张玉发,等译.牧草——草地农业科学[M].北京:农业出版社,1989.80-81.

[6]    苏加楷.关于发展我国牧草种子业的几点建议[J].草业科学,1990,7(2):68-69.

[7]    南志标. 牧草常见病害及防治[M]. 成都:四川科学技术出版社,1985.1-215.

[8]    陈申宽,姚国君. 紫花苜蓿品种(种)对褐斑病抗性的研究[J].草业科学,1994,11(3):61-62.

[9]    陈雅君,刘学敏,崔国文,等.紫花苜蓿根腐病的研究进展[J].中国草地,2000,22(1):51-56.

[10]   马振宇,侯天爵,邹胜文.苜蓿霜霉病的研究[J].草与畜杂志,1989,(增刊):265-268.

[11]   侯天爵. 我国北方草地病害调查及主要病害防治[J].中国草地,1993,(3):56-60.

[12]   马振宇,皱胜文. 苜蓿抗病遗传资源的鉴定[J]. 草与畜杂志,1989,(增刊):282-284.

[13]   侯天爵,周淑清,马振宇,等.苜蓿霜霉病的室内接种鉴定[J].草与畜杂志,1989,(增刊):269-272.

[14]   侯天爵,白儒,王建锋.不同苜蓿品种对褐斑病抗性的研究[J].中国草地,1986,(4):44-45.

[15]   刘若. 苜蓿霜霉病的调查研究[J].甘肃农业大学学报,1976,(3):1-5.

[16]   刘若,马振宇.自然流行条件下苜蓿种质材料对霜霉病的反应[J].草与畜杂志,1989,(增刊):261-264.

[17]   刘经芬,方中达.南京牧草试栽中病害的观察[J].南京农学院学报, 1956,(1):9-15.

[18]  18] 李春杰,南志标,王彦荣,等.高山草原条件下苜蓿种质抗霜霉病评价[J].草业学报,2000,9(4):44-51.

[19]   袁庆华,李向林,张文淑.苜蓿假盘菌及其生物学特性的研究[J].植物保护,2001,27(1):8-12.

[20]   袁庆华,张文淑. 苜蓿对褐斑病抗性筛选研究[J]. 草业学报,2000,9(4):52-58.

[21]   袁庆华,张文淑,李敏.苜蓿褐斑病的离体叶接种研究[J].草地学报,2001,9(1):10-12.

[22]   桂枝,袁庆华,蔺海明. RAPD标记及其在牧草研究中的应用[J].草业科学,2001,18(2):6-9.

[23]   杨青川,孙杰,韩国栋.耐盐苜蓿与敏盐苜蓿RAPD多态性研究[J].草地学报,2001,9(2):83-86.

文章编号: 1008-5394(2003)01-0042-04

真空冷冻干燥技术及其在食品加工中的应用    (下载全文

李艳聪,李书环

(天津农学院  农业工程系,天津 300384)

   要:真空冷冻干燥是集真空技术、冷冻及干燥技术为一体的食品加工方法。在分析了真空冻结干燥的理论机理的基础上,介绍了真空冷冻干燥加工工艺过程和干燥系统的主要设备及部件,提出了真空冷冻干燥应注意的问题。简要介绍了真空冷冻干燥技术在食品工业中的应用。

关 键 词:真空冷冻干燥;食品加工;应用    中图分类号:TS203  文献标识码:A

Vacuum Freezing Evaporation Technique and Applications to Food Processing

 LI Yan-congLI Shu-huan

(Department of Agricultural Engineering, Tianjin Agricultural College, Tianjin 300384,China)

AbstractVacuum freezing evaporationincluding the techniques of vacuum, freezing and evaporation, is a food processing method. Based on analyzing the theory of vacuum freezing evaporation, the techniques of food processing and the constitution of equipments are introduced. Also, some questions which need to be noticed in the food processing are put forward. And the applications of vacuum freezing evaporation are introduced.

Key words: vacuum freezing evaporation; food processing; application

参 考 文 献 

[1]    高福成.现代食品工业高新技术[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社,2001.491.

[2]    无锡轻工业学院,天津轻工业学院编.食品工厂机械与设备[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社,1993. 264-268.

[3]    黄卫红.真空冷冻干燥技术及其在食品工业中的应用[J].包装与食品机械, 1997,(3):33-34.

[4]    王继先,徐伟军.真空冷冻干燥工艺及其在农产品加工中的应用[J]. 包装与食品机械 , 2001,(2):26-27.

[5]    孔凡真.真空冻干技术市场前景广阔[J].包装与食品机械,2001,(1):28.

[6]    孔凡真.真空冻干食品的生产及设备[J].包装与食品机械, 1994,(2):25-27.

[7]    童军茂,马玉林.我国冻干食品的现状和前景展望[J].粮油及食品机械,2001,(3):5-7.

[8]    高福成,刘志胜.冻干食品[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社,1998.6.

文章编号:1008-5394(2003)01-0046-04

论天津开发区园林植物配置    (下载全文

李玉军1,周洪义2

(1.天津市园林绿化研究所,天津 300181;2.天津开发区园林绿化公司,天津 300457)

   要:论述了天津开发区园林绿化中的植物配置要充分考虑地理因素、环境及时间因素和绿地的类型和特点。在由盐渍土和晒盐场改造的天津开发区上种植应以乔木和乡土树种为主。在配置植物上,既要考虑当前园林的效果,还要考虑大陆性季节气候的特点。根据绿地环境的不同,提出了不同的绿化配置形式。

关 键 词:园林植物;树木;配置      中图分类号:S688.9  文献标识码:A

Study on Garden Plant Arrangement in Tianjin Economic Development Area (TEDA)

 LI Yu-jun1ZHOU Hong-yi2

(1.Tianjin Institute of Garden and Afforestation, Tianjin 300181,China; 2.Garden and Afforestation Corporation, TEDA, Tianjin 300457,China)

AbstractThe factors about geography, environment, seasons and greening place are considered for arranging garden plants in Tianjin Economic Development Area (TEDA). The local and arboreal trees are the most in TEDA because the former of TEDA is salt marsh place and then transformed. Both the present effect of gardens and the character of the continental and seasonal climate are considered about the garden plant arrangement. Finally, the different arrangement forms of greening are presented according to different greening environment.

Key words: garden plant; tree; arrangement

参 考 文 献 

[1]    张万钧主编.盐渍土绿化[M].北京: 中国环境科学出版社,1999.17-18.

[2]    陈有民主编.园林树木学[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1990.740.

[3]  杨贲丽主编.城市绿地规划设计[M.北京:中国林业出版社,1995.221.

文章编号: 1008-5394(2003)01-0050-03

浅谈天津开发区草坪养护与管理     (下载全文

崔艳芬1,卢树昌2

1.天津泰达生态环境发展有限公司,天津 300457;2 天津农学院 农学系,天津 300384)

  要就天津开发区几种草坪草的养护管理从修剪、灌水、施肥、除杂草、病虫害防治、通气等几个方面进行了详细阐述,提出了草坪草修剪要遵循1/3原则;施肥比例N∶P2O5∶K2O=1∶0.8∶0.6;草坪病虫害要预防与治理相结合。充分说明了科学养管的重要性。

关 键 词:草坪;修剪;施肥;病虫害    中图分类号:S688.4  文献标识码:

Discussion on Lawn Maintenance and Management in Tianjin Economic Development Area (TEDA)

 CUI Yan-fen1,LU Shu-chang2

(1.Tianjin TEDA Eco-environmental Developing Co. Ltd., Tianjin 300457,China; 2.Department of Agronomy, Tianjin Agricultural College, Tianjin 300384,China)

Abstract:The maintenance and management of several lawn grasses in mowing, irrigation, fertilizer applying, weeds killing, prevention and control of plant diseases and insect pests are discussed. Then it is put forward that lawn grasses'mowing should follow 1/3principle, fertilizer proportion should be 10.80.6(NPO5K2O)and lawn grasses’insect pests must be prevented and controlled together. So the importance of scientific maintenance and management is displayed fully.

Key words: lawn; prune; fertilizer applying; disease and insect pest

参 考 文 献 

1] 梁依任.园林建设工程[M].北京:中国城市出版社,2001.866-869.

2] 宋瑞清,董爱荣.城市绿地植物病害及其防治[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2000.9.

文章编号: 1008-5394(2003)01-0053-03

葡萄单芽营养袋育苗生产技术      (下载全文

胡忠惠,张文庆,王士环,王芝学,李树海

(天津市林业果树研究所,天津 300112)

   要:实践证明,葡萄单芽扦插营养袋育苗技术是实现葡萄苗木产业化生产的有效途径。将葡萄营养袋育苗生产技术做一总结,并将其操作管理程序规范化,以促进该项技术的广泛应用。

关 键 词:葡萄;单芽扦插;营养袋;育苗    中图分类号:S615  文献标识码:

Propagation Techniques for Grape by Cutting with One Bud in Nutrition Pot

HU Zhong-hui, ZHANG Wen-qing,WANG Shi-huan,WANG Zhi-xue,LI Shu-hai

(Tianjin Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Tianjin 300112,China)

Abstract:The practices have proved that the grape propagation technique with single bud-cuttage is a better way to realize commercial production. The detailed report is given about the technique and its production standardization to promote more application in grape propagation.

Key